Means of Sport Form

In today, the strength and conditioning scene is overwhelmed with such variety of tools, methods, and programs. On the outside some look very "advanced" and often involve a multitude of different training methods and tools (strongman, speed cord, and unstable training). These often look attractive to athletes but will often lead to poor development of sport form due to lack of specificity at the given time.

There is typically 3 different means of sports development. General, General-Specific, and Specific. When looking at your annual cycle or training stage, it is appropriate to correlate the specific mean of training for the certain time.

One example of a way to plan the means of your training would be in the Conjugate Sequencing with a distributed load. (Note: This is not the conjugate system familiar with West Side Barbell) This would involve General during your preparatory or accumulation phase, General Specific during the transmutation phase, and Specific during realization/competitive. During the development of a specific means of training the others are developed at low volumes. In other words, if it is the off season in football your General means (basic lifts, first plyo progressions, non competitive drill) will be of main focus while the other two will still be developed but in small volumes.
The reason it is so important to distribute the means of your sport development is because it avoids injury. This is where the general part plays such a big role. In your General development skills and lifts should involve basic movement patterns, and development of skill should look very basic and focus on improving your local muscle capacity for your sport aside from performing your sport tasks. The General part of General Specific would indicate that the skill should be just different enough to Specific drills to avoid accumulative stress on the muscles if the specific drills were used all year. Specific should mirror the sport as much as possible and within reasonable methods. These would be some appropriate Means of exercise for various sports:

Football

• General- Olympic lifts, power lifts, any other lift performed with barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells , etc
• General Specific- pushing a weighted implement (e.g. sled, tire, special training apparatus, etc), game simulation wearing a weighted vest, etc for 4-10 second repetitions
• Specific- one on one contests against an opponent for 4-10 second repetitions

Powerlifting

• General- rows with barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells, presses/swings with dumbbells, kettlebells, GHR, pull ups, back raises, step ups, lunges, jumps onto a box.
  
• General Specific- bench presses with different grips, board presses, floor presses, box squats, front squats, SS Bar squats, GM’s, deadlift off of boxes, pins, accommodating resistance with bands and/or chains.
• Specific- competition squat, bench press, deadlift with competition gear and varied intensities

The appropriate Means of development is essential to insure that the athlete has developed a functional capacity or potential early on in training to assure that the body can fully develop and adapt to the demands placed on it in the subsequent weeks of development.

For more info see James Smith, Issurin, Bondarchuk